Some Basic Backpacking Gear Guidelines

(10/17/05)

 

 

Websites for gear:

 

Merchandise Stores

Comments

Eastern Mountain Sports:

 www.ems.com

§          Framingham, Boston, good selection and prices, helpful staff

Recreational Equipment Inc.:

www.rei.com

§          Framingham, Boston, good selection and prices, helpful staff

Catalog-based  – Campmor:

www.campmor.com

§          Catalog, with on-line store, good prices, but you must be familiar with every item to insure accuracy

Bob Smith’s Wilderness House (Boston): www.wildernesshouseboston.com

§          Exotic selections, excellent quality gear, expensive

Hilton’s Tent City (Boston): www.hiltonstentcity.com

§          Wide supply with some cost reductions

LL Bean:

www.llbean.com

§          Catalog, on-line, and stores. Good quality, but not fully geared toward light weight backpacking

 Mountain Gear:

www.mgear.com

§          On-line store, probably for the more adventurous

Specific Equipment Companies

 

Kelty: www.kelty.com

Mountain Hardware: www.mountainhardwear.com

Black Diamond: www.mgear.com

North face: www.thenorthface.com

 

This section will be filled out

 

Packs:

§          3,000 cu inches or larger

§          Sized by torso length (length from the top of hip bones to correct shoulder strap location) and cubic inches of the bag.

§          External frame packs are more versatile and recommended for boys younger than 13 yrs and < 5’8” tall).  This type of pack will have about a 2,000 cu. in. bag with a frame length allowing the attachment of sleeping bag, sleeping pad, and a tent.

[ www.kelty.com/Kelty/index.cfm?fuseaction=Packs.Home ]

§          Kelty makes the better external frame packs – purchase the largest, adjustable frame that fits the scout, but will allow room for growth through the next few years.

§          Internal frame packs can be adequate in size and can be fitted correctly for older boys (>13yrs).

§          External zippered side pockets are helpful

§          External pouches that will hold a 1L water bottle are a necessity

§          Internal frames are more expensive, but many good brands are at EMS, REI, LL Bean, Bob Smith’s.  Catalog shopping is difficult unless you have tested the actual model and brand

 

Sleeping Bags:

§          The temperature ratings are not standardized or regulated.  The better-made bags do better are justifying their temp rating. (This means it is likely that an inexpensive bag rated at 30F will be more like 45F)

§          Bags are selected for their insulation, weight, and outer shell material. 

§          Most boys should have a 0oF bag, of Polarguard III® insulation, in regular length.  The outer shell does not have to be waterproof, a durable taffeta or nylon should be adequate. (actually, I recommend it not be waterproof). This bag would be of average weight for a good fall and spring bag.  Inserting a summer sleeping bag into this one will create a warm full winter sleeping system.

§          Down Sleeping bags offer the greatest insulation for their weight, are very durable (can last a lifetime), but do not insulate at all if they get wet.  Because their warmth drops significantly when they get wet, they are not recommended for younger, in-experienced scouts.

 

Tents:

§          There is a wide range of sizes and features in available tents. 

§          Tents are rated 2-season, 3-season, and 4-season.  Unless the owner does camping in the wilderness all 4 seasons, a 4-season tent is too heavy and not needed (it’s overkill and heavy)

§          A desired tent should be a 2-man, 3-season, with a vestibule (>7sq. ft.), and weigh no more than 6 ˝ lbs

§          Front entrance is more desirable than side-entrance- items in the tent stay drier when entering the tent during rain.

§          The Troop has a number of 2-man and 3-man tents, so it is not necessary that scouts purchase a tent

 

Helpful Websites:

Bob’ Backpacking Tips: http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/r/p/rpc1/bbb/

The Lightweight Backpacker: http://www.backpacking.net/

Backpacker Magazine: www.backpacker.com

 

CLOTHING

 

The choices and selection in hiking and camping clothing is quite mind-boggling with price ranges to match.  In spite of this wide array, there is a basic principle of “layering” that has been proven to work in the conditions that scouts will be in.  Layering works because multiple layers of clothes insulate better than 1 bulky layer, and layers can be removed or added depending on the current weather conditions.  Garments used as inner layers (polypropylene underwear) and mid-layers (fleece jackets, down jackets, etc) serve to insulate, while outer layers (nylon or Gortex® windbreakers, breathable raingear, etc) serve to protect you from wind, rain, and snow.  These all combine to keep you warm and dry.

 

 

Insulating underwear:

§          This layer cannot be cotton

§          These are close-fitting layers that provide the first layer of warmth.  They are usually made form the following materials:

Polypropylene (most expensive)

Polypropylene, and polyester blends

Lightweight Fleece (polyester) (least expensive)

§          This layer will dry quickly if it gets wet, and dries quickly having perspired in it thru the day.

 

Mid-layer Insulation:

§          Most popular layers are fleece (Polartec®), but can be wool or similar – they should no be cotton

§          They are usually jackets, pullovers, sweater-like and should have some pockets, a full collar, and you may wish to have a hood.

§          This layer provides the majority of your warm

§          If more insulation is needed you can add a second fleece layer, or add a layer with Down insulation

§          What works for the upper body with jackets, works just as well with your legs via fleece pants.

 

Outer Layer

§          Most popular layer is a Gortex® jacket.  Unfortunately it is also very expensive.

§          Gortex® is a multi-layered membrane that provides wind resistance, adequate rain protection, and breathes so that you don’t saturate your inner layers while wearing it.

§          Gortex® is challenged by 2 things – heavy driving rains, and cold temperatures.  The membrane will not keep out heavy rain and it tends to “seal up” in cold temperatures (-5F)

§          Nylon jackets are an excellent windbreaker and are not expensive – note that they do not offer much waterproofing in rain or wet snow.

§          In cold temperatures, Nylon is the preferred windbreaker, as it will breath at lower temperatures, compared to Gortex®.

§          Coated (sealed) Nylon jackets, or other sealed, waterproof materials will keep rain and snow off, but it will not breath and you’ll perspire and soak your inner layers, resulting in significantly lower warmth.

 

The 3 layers outlined above apply to keeping your body, legs, head and hands warm and dry.  Footwear is covered below.

 

Hiking Footwear and Socks:

§          There are no “most popular” hiking boots.  Boots must fit your feet comfortably while allowing for 2 layers of non-cotton socks.

§          Boots fall into about 5 categories: hiking shoes (sneaker-light), lightweight hiking, medium weight backpacking, heavy-duty backpacking, mountaineering boots (for when you do Mt Everest). Backpacking boots are stiffer, possess aggressive treads for traction, accept crampons, and tolerate wetter and snowier conditions.

§          Growing scouts may use a pair of boots 3-4 times before outgrowing them, and they are rather expensive.  It is not necessary to buy your scout heavy-duty boots, as they are generally carrying lighter loads in their backpacks.  That means they should provide reasonable support to mid-ankle, possess a “deep-cleated” tread for traction, and offer reasonable flex for comfort.  Older scouts will use the boots longer and be carrying heavier loads, so they should have medium weight to heavier-duty backpacking boots.

§          I’ve seen where leather boots hold up better, especially in wet conditions and snow.  I haven’t found where boots with Gortex® liners, or ventilation “patches” are cooler or more comfortable.  Leather boots can be waterproofed, while the Gortex® and fabric boots cannot.  Many backpacking articles, from prominent outdoorsman, write that “keeping your feet dry, warm, and blister-free” is one of the most important ways to be comfortable and have fun in the outdoors.

§          At least a medium or heavy-weight boot is needed for use with crampons

§          I do not recommend using leather work-boots as backpacking boots.

§          Layering with socks keeps feet comfortable and can decrease the incidence of blisters.

§          The inner layer is a close-fitting liner of a non-cotton material.  A polyester material are fine.  The close fit means it will not slide against the skin and will offer a “barrier” between the boot, out socks and skin.

§          The second layer is a thick polypropylene, or wool, or blend (SmartWool®) sock for comfort, cushion, and warmth.

 

Headlamps & Flashlights:

§          When camping or hiking, most people need to be using both their hands and cannot be holding a flashlight while attempting to complete tasks.  Therefore, a headlamp is the only way to go.  The newest of LED lamps provide a lot of light, use small batteries that last for >50 hours, are lightweight, and not expensive.  I prefer those headlamps that offer 2 levels of lighting. 

§          Generally, the smallest lamps provide the lowest lighting levels but are very lightweight, while the largest provide the most lighting levels, but are heavy. 

§          Lightweight flashlights are available that use AA batteries and provide good light.  I bring a small one as a back-up

§          Flashlights that use C or D batteries are too big, too heavy, and are not practical for hiking given the choices referenced above.

§          Princeton TEC and Petzel seem to offer the widest selection of lamps, etc.  REI, and EMS have their full range

 

Other topics will be added:

 

If you would like to share your experience and knowledge of outdoor gear, just call or e-mail Kevin Heath (kevinheath@comcast.net)